Monerans

​​Monerans are the smallest, simplest life forms. They are one-celled organisms that have no nuclues or organelles. They usually live in chains or clusters of cells. ​

Fireweed BacteriaLyngbya majuscula

This clump of bacteria, called Fireweed, is found in coral reefs. They create a toxin that is effective against a few human cancers in laboratory tests. This particular sample was found off the coast of Panama.

A microscopic view of Fireweed bacteria. It is Bacilli(rod)-shaped

White PoxSerratia marcescens

This is the bacteria that causes the coral disease, White Pox. It is usually found in specific coral in Florida. Scientists belive it has entered the oceans via sewage discharge.This moneran is rod shaped

Protists

Protists belong to the Kingdom Protista. They are unicellular organisms that contain nuclei and other organelles. This kingdom contains animal-like protists called protozoans, and plant-like protists called algae. Algae makes it's own food by photosynthesis, and protozoans ingest their food and digest it internally.

Red Coralline AlgaeHydrolithon onkodes

Algae is a part of the kingdom Protista. It is a plant-like protist. Algae makes it's own food by photosynthesis. They have cell walls and cholrophyll. They may live as single-celled, or may form long chains. Algae is divided into five major groups based on color and structure.

The red algae in the background, behind the animal, is Red Coralline Algae. This algae is found in most coral reefs.

Halofolliculina corallasia​
Halofolliculina corallasia is a protozoan. Protozoans are single celled with no cell walls or chlorophyll. The injest food and digest it internally. They are able to move about, and some that aren't able to move (such as disease spreading ones) enter the host cell.
Halofolliculina coralalsia is found in coral reefs, living in the skeletons of dead corals. It is a heterotrich ciliate responsible for the Skeletal Eroding Band. This disease appears as a black or dark gray band that slowly adavnces over coral. It leaves a spotted region of dead coral behind. It is the first disease caused by a protozoan. When Halofolliculina corallasia divides, tha daugher cells move to the front of the dark band, then produce a "house" called a lorica. In order for this to happen, they drill into the coral's limestone skeleton, killing the coral polyps.

Above and below are the effects of the Skeletal Eroding Band. In the below picture, the protozoan is the bottom right photo.

FungiFungi are multi-cellular with no chlorophyll, that absorb nutrients.
Ascomycota Ascomycota is a phylum for the kingdom fungi. It is classified by it's cup shape.

Aspergillus sydowii

This is a microscopic view of the coral fungal disease called aspergillosis. This particular picture was taken from a sample in the Florida Keys. It is thought to have entered the ocean from soil run off.

Kingdom: Fungi
Phylum: Ascomycota
Class: Ascomycetes
Order: Eurotiales
Family: Trichocomaceae
Genus: Aspergillus
species: sydowii




AscomycotaAscomycota is a phylum for the kingdom Fungi. It is classified by it's cup shape. Ceriosporopsis halima

This Fungi usually lives in wood in marine biomes, such as the coral reef

Kingdom: Fungi
Phylum: Ascomycota
Class: Ascomycetes
Order: Halosphaeriales
Family: Haloshpaeriaceae
Genus: Ceriosporopsis
species: halima
There is no common name for this fungi.

Chytridiomycota
A phylum of microscopic organisms, the chytrids, that live in soil or water. The body is a single cell. They attack the roots of plants. Spizellomyces punctatus

This fungus is found living in the coral reef. No common name was found.

Kingdom: Fungi
Phylum: Chytridiomycota
Class: Chytridiomycetes
Order: Spizellomycetales
Family: Spizellomycetaceae
Genus: Spizellomyces
species: punctatus

Basidiomycota​
club-like; closely packed filaments Mycaureola dilseae

This fungi is found growing on red algae in the coral reef. It's common name is unknown.

Kingdom: Fungi
Phylum: Basidiomycota
Class: Basidiomycetes
Order: Not Assigned
Family: Phyllachoraceae
Genus: Mycaureola
species: dilseae



PlantsPlants are multi-celled organisms with chlorophyll and cell walls. The two types of plants are vascular and non-vascular.

LiliopsidaThalassia testudinumLiliopsida Definition: seed plants that produce an embryo and parallel-veined leaves

This is a picture of the coral reef plant called turtle grass. This particular photo was taken from a coral reef in the Florida Keys.

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Class: Liliopsida
Order: Hydrocharitales
Family: Hydrocharitaceae
Genus: Thalassia
species: testudinum
The common name for this plant is Turtle Grass.

Magnoliopsida
Acacia leptocarpaMagnoliopsida Definition: seed plants that produce an embryo and have net-veined leaves; divided into six subclasses.

This plant is found in the coastal waters of Austraila, and the coral reefs in Papau New Guinea

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Genus: Acacia
species: leptocarpa


Bacillariophyta
Myxochrysis paradoxa

This type of algae called golden algae, was recently found in the Greata Barrier Reef in Australia.

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Bacillariophyta
Class: Bacilliariophyceae
Order: N/A
Family: Noctuoidea
Genus:Myxochrysis
species: paradoxa


Chlorophyta
Halimeda tunaChlorophyta Definition: a large division of freshwater organisms that possess chlorophyll. These organisms contain their genetic material inside their nucleus.

This organism is a dominant green algae in many reef systems in the Florida Keys.

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Chlorophyta
Class: Bryopsidophyceae
Order: Bryopsidales
Family: Scarabaeoidea
Genus: Halimeda
species: tuna

Chromista
Cornutella profunda
.

This is found in the tropical coral reefs in the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean

Kingdom: Chromista
Phylum: Sarcodina
Class: Actinopoda
Order: Nassellaria
Family: Theoperidae
Genus: Cornutella
species: profunda

Haptophyta
Prymnesium parvumHaptophyta Defintion: A phylum in the kingdom Chromista. A form of brown algae that forms floating masses in Tropical Atlantic waters.

This algae is found in most tropical waters around the world. It is known to contain a toxin that is deadly to fish.

Kingdom: Chromista
Phylum: Haptophyta
Class: Prymnesiophyceae
Order: Prymnesiales
Family: Prymnesiaceae
Genus: Prymnesium
species: parvum











Rhodophyta
Acanthophora dendroides Rhodophyta Definition: lower plants; mostly marine and littoral eukaryotic algae

Typically found growing on coral on the western side of Australia

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Rhodophyta
Class: Floride​ophyceae
Order: Ce​ramiales
Family:​ Rhodomelaceae
Genus: Acanthophora
Species: dendroides

Chlororphyta
Penicillus dumetosus
Chlorophyta Definition: large division of chiefly freshwater eukaryotic (organisms whose cells contain their genetic material inside a nucleus) algae that possess chlorophyll

This plant, Neptune's Shaving Brush, is found growing in the sand in coral reefs.

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Chlorophyta
Class: Bryopsidophyceae
Order: Bryopsidales
Family: Udoteaceae
Genus: Penicillus
Species: dumetosus

Heterokontophyta
Padina pavonicaHeterokontophyta Definition: algae having chlorophyll, and flagella of unequal lengths

This organism, commonly called Peacock's tail, is found in reefs in the Mediterranean sea.

Kingdom: Chromalveolata
Phylum: Heterokontophyta
Class: Phaeophyceae
Order: Dictyotales
Family: Dictyoptaceae
Genus: Padina
species: pavonica


Rhodophyta
Laurencia nidificaRhodophyta Definition: lower plants; mostly marine and littoral eukaryotic algae

Here is the Mustard Limu, growing on a coral head in Hawaii.

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Rhodophyta
Class: Florideophyceae
Order: Ceramiales
Family: Rhodomelaceae
Genus: Laurencia
Species: nidifica


Chromista
Sargassum polyphyllumChromista Definition brown algae with rounded bladders forming dense floating masses in tropical Atlantic waters

This brown algae is found floating above coral reefs.

Kingdom: Chromista
Phylum: Ochrophyta
Class: Phaeophyceae
Order: Fucales
Family: Sargassaceae
Genus: Sargassum
species: polyphyllum

Liliopsida
Thalassia hemprichii Liliopsida Definition: seed plants that produce an embryo and parallel-veined leaves

Here is the Thalassia seagrass growing on a reef flat.

Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Class: Liliopsida
Order: Alismatales
Family: Hydrocharitaceae
Genus: Thalassia
Species: hemprichii

Kingdom Animaliamulticellular, digest food inside bodyLeafy Sea Dragon
Phycodurus eques Actinopterygii definition: ray-finned fish

Pictured here is the Leafy Sea Dragon. It has no predators because it is confused for floating seaweed because of the shape of its fins.

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Syngnathiformes
Family: Syngnathidae
Genus: Phycodurus
Species: eques



Dwarf Brittle Star
Amphipholis squamata Echinodermata definition: a phylum of marine animals consisting of seastars, sea urchins, and other related forms.

This is a photo of a dwarf brittle star. They are commonly found in coral reefs around the world

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Echinodermata
Class: Stelleroidea
Order: Ophurida
Family: Amphiuridae
Genus: Amphipholis
species: squamata
















Grooved Brain Coral
Diploria labyrinthiformisFaviidae definition: spheroid-shaped corals

Brain Coral get their name because of how they resemble an animal brain.

Kingdon: Animalia
Phlyum: Cnidaria
Class: Anthozoa
Order: Scleractinia
Family: Faviidae
Genus: Diploria
Species: labyrinthisformis

Australian Biscuit Star
Pentagonaster duebeniStelleroidea definition: Stemless echinoderms that have a central disc and five or more arms

Here is the Australian Biscuit Star attached to a coral reef.

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Echinodermata
Class: Stelleroidea
Order: Valvatida
Family: Goniasteridae
Genus: Pentagonaster
Species: duebeni


Leopard Sea Cucumber
Bohadschia graeffei Holothuroidea definition: marine animals with an elongated body and leathery skin

The Leopard Sea Cucumber using its defensive mechanism, sticky white tubes called Cuvierian tubules.

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Echinodermata
Class: Holothuroidea
Order: Aspidochirotida
Family: Holothuriidae
Genus: Bohadschia
Species: graeffei


Blue Ring Octopus
Hapalochlaena lunulata Mollusca definition: the phylum consisting of mollusks

[[image:data:image/jpg;base64,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 width="157" height="196" align="middle" link="imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/Hapalochlaena_lunulata.JPG&imgrefurl=http:commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hapalochlaena_lunulata.JPG&h=1470&w=1183&sz=331&tbnid=ROvXI2HbjBJ_AM:&tbnh=251&tbnw=202&prev=/images?q=hapalochlaena lunulata&usg=__E5kIoVOFchtQ-PU3HsGe9v5Outo=&ei=2ukoS-aJLov4NcvwiIAM&sa=X&oi=image_result&resnum=1&ct=image&ved=0CAcQ9QEwAA"]]





Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Cephalopoda
Order: Octopoda
Family: Octopodidae
Genus: Hapalochlaena
species: lunulata


John Dory Fish
Zeus faber Osteichthyes definition: a class containing bony fishes

This is a photo of a John Dory fish. These swimmers live near the sea bottom. The John Dory fish can be found in coral reefs in the Indian and Atlantic Ocean, and in the Mediterranean Sea.

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Osteichthyes
Order: Zeiformes
Family: Zeidae
Genus: Zeus
species: faber


Banded Sea Snake
Laticauda colubrina Repitilia Definition: the class consisting of reptiles

This is a picture of the Banded Sea Snake. This photo was taken in the Phi Phi Islands, which is in Thailand. Sea snakes inhabit warm tropical coral reef waters of the world.

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Family: Hydrophilidae
Genus: Laticauda
species: colubrina








Green Turtle
Chelonia mydas Reptilia definition: cold-blooded, air-breathing vertebrates and a body usually covered with scales or plates

The Green Turtle swimming above a Hawaiin reef.

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Testudines
Family: Cheloniidae
Genus: Chelonia
species: mydas


Spotted Eagle ray
Aetobatus narinari Chondrichthyes definition: jawed fish with paired fins, scales, two-chambered hearts, and skeletons made of cartilage

Spotted Eagle Ray swimming above a reef.

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes
Order: Rajiformes
Family: Myliobatidae
Genus: Aetobatus
species: narinari


Vase Sea Sponge
Ircinia campana
Porifera Definition: an animal phylum consisting of sponges
Irci

This is a photo of a vase sea sponge. Sea sponges are found in coral reefs all around the world

nia campana



Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Porifera
Class: Demospongiae
Order: Dictyoceratida
Family: Irciniidae
Genus: Ircinia
species: campana


Goliath Hagfish
Eptatretus goliathMyxini Definition: a class consisting of hagfish

This is a picture of a hagfish. It was taken in a coral reef in Austrailia

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Myxini
Order: Myxiniformes
Family: Myxinidae
Genus: Eptatretus
species: goliath//









http://www.hawaii.edu/reefalgae/invasive_algae/rhodo/laurencia_nidifica.htm

http://www.hawaii.edu/reefalgae/invasive_algae/phaeo/sargassum_polyphyllum.htm

http://coexploration.org/bbsr/coral/html/body_plants_algae.html

http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=211770

http://www.zipcodezoo.com/Plants/A/Acanthophora_dendroides/#MoreInfo

http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=3307

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetabularia_crenulata

http://www.hawaii.edu/reefalgae/invasive_algae/phaeo/sargassum_polyphyllum.htm

//Click here for Biomes Home.//
//Click here for Coral Reef Home.//
//Click here for Coral Reef Fiction.//
//Click here for Coral Reef Bibliography.//
//Click here for Coral Reef Conservation.//
//Click here for Coral Reef Food Web.//